The Quadratic Shortest Path Problem and its Genetic Algorithm

The quadratic shortest path (QSP) problem is to find a path from a node to another node in a given network such that the total cost includes two kinds of costs, say direct cost and interactive cost, is minimum. The direct cost is the cost associated with each arc and the interactive cost occurs when two arcs appear simultaneously in the shortest path. In this paper, the concept of the quadratic shortest path is initialized firstly. Then a spanning tree-based genetic algorithm is designed for solving the quadratic shortest path problem. Finally, a numerical example is given

Coordination Game Analysis through Penalty Scheme in Freight Intermodal Service

We study coordination mechanisms through penalty schemes to cooperate the behavior of two firms as successive segment carriers to make transport plan separate in freight intermodal market. Based on the different cost structure and service level constraint to two firms, we compare the decision making in two possible decision systems, that is, centralized system and decentralized system. In a centralized system-the first best case as a benchmark is contrasted with decentralized system. In the decentralized system, a Stackelberg game model is formulated between two firms. Some discordant decisions would be made by firm I's overestimate motivation and firm II's undersupply motivation. Our primary objective is to design penalty schemes to coordinate the interactions for two firms. The study shows in a decentralized system, setting suitable penalty schemes can coordinate the two firms' decision. We also study the feasible range of penalty parameters, and some important managerial insights are then deduced. In the end, a numerical example is provided to verify the validity of results, some concluding remarks are presented subsequently

Coordination Game Analysis through Penalty Scheme in Freight Intermodal Service

We study coordination mechanisms through penalty schemes to cooperate the behavior of two firms as successive segment carriers to make transport plan separate in freight intermodal market. Based on the different cost structure and service level constraint to two firms, we compare the decision making in two possible decision systems, that is, centralized system and decentralized system. In a centralized system—the first best case as a benchmark is contrasted with decentralized system. In the decentralized system, a Stackelberg game model is formulated between two firms. Some discordant decisions would be made by firm I's overestimate motivation and firm II's undersupply motivation. Our primary objective is to design penalty schemes to coordinate the interactions for two firms. The study shows in a decentralized system, setting suitable penalty schemes can coordinate the two firms' decision. We also study the feasible range of penalty parameters, and some important managerial insights are then deduced. In the end, a numerical example is provided to verify the validity of results, some concluding remarks are presented subsequently

Road traffic flow forewarning and control model with the slope of the change rate

Zadnjih je godina točno i učinkovito kratkoročno predviđanje toka prometa u realnom vremenu jedna od ključnih tehnologija u ostvarenju upravljanja i reguliranja tokom cestovnog prometa iz ITS područja (Intelligent Transport System). Analizirajući postojeći model predviđanja toka prometa, predlaže se model za reguliranje cestovnog toka prometa, Model može pronaći nenormalnu točku analizom vremenskih serija toka prometa primjenom pada promjene brzine (slope change rate), i može analizirati taj trend promjena toka prometa u svrhu reguliranja toka prometa. Rezultati pokazuju da je algoritam pogodan za problem reguliranja vršnog cestovnog opterećenja prometa , a može biti učinkovit u reguliranju cestovnog prometa.Real-time, accurate and efficiency short term traffic flow prediction is one of the key technologies to realize traffic flow guidance and traffic control, which has been widely concerned in the domain of ITS (Intelligent Transport System) during recent years. Through the study of the existing traffic flow prediction model, road traffic flow control model with the slope of the change rate is proposed. The model can find out abnormal point from the traffic flow time series by the use of the slope change rate, and it can analyse this trend of traffic flow changes for control purposes of traffic flow. The achieved results indicate that the algorithm is suitable for road traffic flow peak control problem and could be effective for road traffic flow control

Transforming growth factor-β1 disrupts angiogenesis during the follicular–luteal transition through the Smad–serpin family E member 1 (SERPINE1)/serpin family B member 5 (SERPINB5) signalling pathway in the cow

Intense angiogenesis is critical for the development of the corpus luteum and is tightly regulated by numerous factors. However, the exact role transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFB1) plays during this follicular-luteal transition remains unclear. This study hypothesized that TGFB1 acting through TGFBR1 and Smad2/3 signaling would suppress angiogenesis during the follicular-luteal transition. Using a serum-free luteinizing follicular angiogenesis culture system, TGFB1 (1 and 10ng.mL-1) markedly disrupted the formation of capillary-like structures, reducing endothelial cell network area and number of branch points (P[less than]0.001). Furthermore, TGFB1 activated canonical Smad signaling and inhibited endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS3) mRNA expression, but up-regulated latent TGF-beta binding protein, type I TGFB receptor (TGFBR1), SERPINE1 and SERPINB5 mRNA expression. TGFBR1 inhibitor, SB431542, reversed the SERPINE1 and SERPINB5 up-regulation by TGFB1. Additionally, TGFB1 reduced progesterone synthesis through decreasing STAR, CYP11A1 and HSD3B1 expression. These results show that TGFB1 regulated NOS3, SERPINE1, and SERPINB5 expression via TGFBR1 and Smad2/3 signaling and could be the mechanism by which TGFB1 suppresses endothelial networks. Thereby, TGFB1 may provide a critical homeostatic control of angiogenesis during the follicular-luteal transition. Our findings reveal the molecular mechanisms underlying the actions of TGFB1 in early luteinization which may lead to novel therapeutic strategies to reverse luteal inadequacy

Control of Hopf Bifurcation in Autonomous System Based on Washout Filter

In order to further understand a Lorenz-like system, we study the stability of the equilibrium points and the existence of Hopf bifurcation by center manifold theorem and normal form theory. More precisely, we designed a washout controller such that the equilibrium E0 undergoes a controllable Hopf bifurcation, and by adjusting the controller parameters, we delayed Hopf bifurcation phenomenon of the equilibrium E+. Besides, numerical simulation is given to illustrate the theoretical analysis. Finally, two possible electronic circuits are given to realize the uncontrolled and the controlled systems

Enhancement of Efficiency and Lifetime of Blue Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Using Two Dopants in Single Emitting Layer

We have demonstrated efficient blue organic light-emitting diode with the structure of indium tin oxide/4,4′,4″-tris(N-(2-naphthyl)-N-phenyl-amino)triphenylamine/1,4-bis[N-(1-naphthyl)-N′-phenylamino]-4,4′-diamine/9,10-di(2-naphthyl)anthracene (ADN): 1-4-di-[4-(N,N-di-phenyl)amino]styryl-benzene (DSA-ph) 3 wt%/tris-(8-hydroxyquinoline)aluminum/LiF/Al. Improved efficiencies and longer operational lifetime were obtained by codoping a styrylamine-based dopant BD-3 (0.1 wt%) into the emitting layer of ADN doped with DSA-ph compared to the case of non-codoping. This was due to the improved charge balance and expansion of exciton recombination zone. The better charge balance was obtained by reducing the electron mobility of ADN which was higher than the hole mobility in the case of non-codoping

Data Release of the AST3-2 Automatic Survey from Dome A, Antarctica

AST3-2 is the second of the three Antarctic Survey Telescopes, aimed at wide-field time-domain optical astronomy. It is located at Dome A, Antarctica, which is by many measures the best optical astronomy site on the Earth's surface. Here we present the data from the AST3-2 automatic survey in 2016 and the photometry results. The median 5$\sigma$ limiting magnitude in $i$-band is 17.8 mag and the light curve precision is 4 mmag for bright stars. The data release includes photometry for over 7~million stars, from which over 3,500 variable stars were detected, with 70 of them newly discovered. We classify these new variables into different types by combining their light curve features with stellar properties from surveys such as StarHorse.Comment: 16 pages, 20 figures, accepted for publication in MNRA